Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2020, nyuma yo guhura n’ingaruka zikomeye z’ubukungu n’ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa na Amerika ndetse n’icyorezo gishya cy’umusonga ku isi, ubwiyongere bw’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa bwahindutse buva ku kugabanuka bugenda bwiyongera, ibikorwa by’ubukungu byakomeje kwiyongera neza, imikoreshereze n’ishoramari byahagaze neza kandi biragaruka, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byagarutse birenze ibyateganijwe.Inganda z’imyenda Ibipimo ngenderwaho byingenzi byubukungu bigenda bitera imbere buhoro buhoro, byerekana buhoro buhoro kuzamuka.Muri ibi bihe, imikorere rusange yinganda z’imyenda y’imyenda mu gihembwe cya mbere cyambere yagarutse buhoro buhoro, kandi igabanuka ry’ibipimo by’ubukungu bw’inganda ryaragabanutse.Bitewe nibikoresho byimyenda ikoreshwa mugukumira icyorezo, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereye cyane.Nyamara, isoko yisi yose ntirasohoka burundu mu muyoboro watewe n’iki cyorezo, kandi igitutu rusange ku musaruro n’imikorere y’inganda z’imyenda y’imyenda ntikirahagarara.

Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri 2020, igiciro cyose cy’inganda zikora imashini z’imyenda hejuru y’ubunini bwagenwe cyari miliyari 43.77, igabanuka rya 15.7% ugereranije n’icyo gihe cyashize.

Iperereza ryibigo byingenzi

Ishyirahamwe ry’imashini z’imyenda mu Bushinwa ryakoze ubushakashatsi ku bigo 95 by’imashini z’imyenda y’imyenda ku mikorere yabyo mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2020. Duhereye ku bisubizo by’incamake, imikorere y’ibihembwe bitatu bya mbere yarahindutse ugereranije n’igice cya mbere cy’umwaka.Amafaranga yinjiza 50% yinganda yagabanutse kurwego rutandukanye.Muri byo, 11.83% by'ibigo byagabanije ibicuruzwa byagabanutseho hejuru ya 50%, kandi ibiciro by'ibikoresho by'imashini zidoda muri rusange birahagaze kandi biramanuka.41,76% by'ibigo bifite ibarura nk'umwaka ushize, na 46.15% by'imikoreshereze y’imishinga hejuru ya 80%.Kugeza ubu, ibigo byizera ko ibibazo bahura nabyo byibanda cyane cyane ku masoko adahagije yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga, igitutu cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro, ndetse no guhagarika inzira zo kugurisha.Ububoshyi, kuboha, fibre ya chimique hamwe n’imashini zidoda imashini ziteganya ko ibicuruzwa mu gihembwe cya kane bizatera imbere ugereranije n’igihembwe cya gatatu.Kubijyanye ninganda zimashini zimyenda mugihembwe cya kane 2020, 42.47% byamasosiyete yakoreweho ubushakashatsi ntabwo aracyafite ikizere cyinshi.

Ibicuruzwa byinjira no kohereza hanze

Nk’uko imibare ya gasutamo ibigaragaza, umubare rusange w’imashini z’imyenda yo mu gihugu cyanjye zitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri 2020 byari miliyari 5.382 z’amadolari y’Amerika, umwaka ushize ukaba wagabanutseho 0,93%.Muri byo: imashini zitumiza mu mahanga zinjije miliyari 2.050 z'amadolari y'Amerika, umwaka ushize ugabanuka 20.89%;ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byari miliyari 3.333 z'amadolari y'Amerika, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 17.26%.

Imashini ziboha

Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2020, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’imbere mu gihugu, mu bwoko butatu bw’imashini ziboha, imashini zidoda izunguruka n’inganda zikora imashini zidoda ziragenda zitera imbere buhoro buhoro, ariko inganda z’imashini ziboheye ziracyafite igitutu kinini cyo kumanuka.Uruganda rukora imashini ruzenguruka rwerekanaga buhoro buhoro kuzamuka mu gihembwe cya mbere.Mu gihembwe cya mbere, uruganda rukora imashini ruzenguruka rwibasiwe n’icyorezo gishya cy’ikamba, ahanini cyibanda ku bicuruzwa mbere y’umusaruro, kandi ibicuruzwa muri rusange byagabanutse;mu gihembwe cya kabiri, uko gahunda yo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo cy’imbere mu gihugu igenda itera imbere, isoko ry’imashini ziboha izenguruka buhoro buhoro, muri zo imashini nziza zo mu bwoko bwa Model imikorere ni nziza;kuva mu gihembwe cya gatatu, hamwe no kugaruka gutumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa, amasosiyete amwe n'amwe mu nganda zikora imashini zidoda zararemerewe.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’imyenda y’imyenda, igurishwa ry’imashini zidoda zizunguruka mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2020 cyiyongereyeho 7% umwaka ushize.

Icyerekezo cy'inganda

Muri rusange, imikorere yubukungu yinganda zimyenda yimyenda mugihembwe cya kane na 2021 iracyafite ibibazo byinshi ningutu.Bitewe n'ingaruka z'icyorezo gishya cy'umusonga umusonga, ubukungu bw'isi burahura n'ihungabana rikomeye.IMF iteganya ko ubukungu bw’isi buzagabanukaho 4.4% muri 2020. Isi irimo impinduka zikomeye zitagaragara mu kinyejana.Ibidukikije mpuzamahanga biragenda bigorana kandi bigahinduka.Kutamenya neza no guhungabana byiyongereye cyane.Tuzahura n’igitutu ku bufatanye n’isoko ku isi, igabanuka rikabije ry’ubucuruzi n’ishoramari, gutakaza akazi cyane, n’amakimbirane ya politiki.Tegereza urukurikirane rwibibazo.Nubwo isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga ryazamutse mu nganda z’imyenda, ntirisubira ku rwego rusanzwe, kandi icyizere cy’ishoramari mu iterambere ry’imishinga kiracyakenewe kugarurwa.Byongeye kandi, nk'uko raporo y’ubushakashatsi iheruka gusohoka yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’imyenda (ITMF) muri Nzeri uyu mwaka, yibasiwe n’iki cyorezo, biteganijwe ko igicuruzwa cy’amasosiyete akomeye y’imyenda ku isi mu 2020 giteganijwe kugabanuka ku kigereranyo cya 16%.Biteganijwe ko bizatwara imyaka myinshi kugirango yishyure byimazeyo icyorezo gishya.Igihombo.Ni muri urwo rwego, ihinduka ry’isoko ry’imashini zikora imyenda riracyakomeza, kandi igitutu ku musaruro n’imikorere ntikiragabanuka.