Imyenda yacu ubu ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: kuboha n'ubudozi. Ubudozi bugabanywamo kuboha buzunguruka n'ubudozi bwo kuzunguruka, naho ubudozi bwo kuzunguruka bugagabanywamo kuboha buzunguruka ibumoso n'iburyo n'ubudozi bwo kuzunguruka buzunguruka. Imashini zikoresha amasogisi, imashini zirinda uturindantoki, imashini z'imbere zidafite umugozi, harimo n'imashini ziboha zizunguruka tuvuga ubu zose zikoresha uburyo bwo kuboha buzunguruka.
Imashini iboha uruziga ni izina risanzwe, kandi izina ryayo rya siyansi ni imashini iboha uruziga. Kubera ko imashini ziboha uruziga zifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuboha (bwitwa inzira zo kugaburira ubudodo muri iyo sosiyete), umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka vuba, umusaruro mwinshi, impinduka zihuse, ireme ryiza ry'imyenda, urwego runini rwo kuyikoresha, inzira nke, no kwihutisha ibicuruzwa, zungutse ibyiza byinshi. Zazamuye neza, zikoreshwa neza kandi zigatera imbere.
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imashini ziboha zizunguruka: 1. imashini isanzwe (isanzweumwenda umwe, imyenda ibiri, urubavu), 2.imashini za terry, 3.imashini zo mu bwoya, 4.imashini za jacquard, 5.imashini zikoresha imigozi, 6. imashini zo kohereza imiyoboro n'ibindi.
Imiterere rusange y'imashini iboha uruzigaibikoresho bishobora kugabanywamo ibice bikurikira:
1. Igice cy'umugozi w'imashini. Hari amaguru atatu y'ingenzi atwara imizigo, isahani nini, ibikoresho bya plate nini, icyuma gikuru cyohereza imizigo n'icyuma gifasha. Jezi imweimashini ifite impeta itwara imizigo ya creel, kandiimyenda ibiriImashini ifite amaguru atatu yo hagati ashyigikira, isahani nini n'ibikoresho byayo binini, hamwe n'aho iteranyirizwa. Ni byiza gukoresha ibyuma bitumizwa mu mahanga ku byuma biri mu isafuriya, bigira uruhare runini mu guhisha imirongo itambitse yaimyenda ibiriimyenda.
2. Sisitemu yo gutanga ubudodo. Ubudodo bumanikwa ku mashini, tripo y'imashiniImpeta y'ubudodo, umuyoboro w'ubudodo, icyuma gitanga ubudodo, umukandara wo kongerera ubudodo, umunwa w'ubudodo, uruziga rw'ubudodo, isahani y'ubudodo, umukandara ukoresha moteri ya servo nawo wakoreshejwe mu myaka ibiri ishize, ariko bitewe n'igiciro ndetse n'uburyo ibicuruzwa bihagaze neza, haracyakenewe kwemezwa niba bishobora kwamamazwa cyane.
3. Imiterere y'ubudodo. Agasanduku ka kamera, kamera, silinda, inshinge zo kuboha (umwenda umweimashini ifite utumashini duto two gusimbuza (sinkers)
4. Sisitemu yo gukurura no kuzunguruka. Sisitemu yo gukurura ishobora kugabanywamo sisitemu isanzwe yo gukurura, imashini zo gukurura zifite intego ebyiri n'izizunguruka ibumoso, n'imashini zifunguye. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, amasosiyete menshi yakoze imashini zifunguye zifite moteri za servo, zishobora kugabanya amazi menshi.
5. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga. Akabati ko kugenzura, ikibaho gikozwe mu buryo bwa circuit, inverter, imashini ikoresha amavuta (imashini ikoresha amavuta y'ikoranabuhanga n'imashini ikoresha umwuka), moteri nyamukuru iyobora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-04-2024