Kuri ubu, ubufatanye mu bukungu n'ubucuruzi bwa "Belt and Road" burimo gutera imbere ugereranyije n'icyerekezo kandi burimo kugaragaza imbaraga n'ubushobozi bukomeye. Ku ya 15 Ukwakira, Inama y'Inganda z'Imyenda zo mu Bushinwa yo mu 2021 yabereye i Huzhou, muri Zhejiang. Muri iki gihe, abayobozi baturutse mu nzego za leta za Kenya na Sri Lanka n'amashyirahamwe y'ubucuruzi bahujwe no gusangira amahirwe yo gukorera hamwe mu bucuruzi no gushora imari kuri interineti mu nganda z'imyenda zo mu gace.

Kenya: Twiteze ishoramari mu nganda zose z'imyenda

Kubera "Itegeko ry'Iterambere n'Amahirwe muri Afurika", Kenya n'ibindi bihugu byemewe byo muri Afurika yo munsi y'ubutayu bwa Sahara bishobora kubona uburenganzira bwo kugera ku isoko rya Amerika nta migabane cyangwa nta misoro. Kenya ni yo ishoramari rikomeye ryohereza imyenda yo muri Afurika yo munsi y'ubutayu bwa Sahara ku isoko rya Amerika. Ubushinwa, kohereza imyenda buri mwaka ni miliyoni 500 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Ariko, iterambere ry'inganda z'imyenda n'imyenda muri Kenya ntiriraringaniye. Abashoramari benshi bibanda mu ishami ry'imyenda, bigatuma 90% by'imyenda yo mu gihugu n'ibindi bikoresho bishingira ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.

Muri iyo nama, Dr. Moses Ikira, Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Ishoramari cya Kenya, yavuze ko iyo ushora imari muri Kenya, inyungu nyamukuru z’amasosiyete y’imyenda ari:

1. Uruhererekane rw'imiyoboro y'agaciro rushobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo haboneke ibikoresho fatizo bihagije. Ipamba rishobora gukorwa muri Kenya, kandi umubare munini w'ibikoresho fatizo ushobora kugurwa mu bihugu byo mu karere nka Uganda, Tanzaniya, u Rwanda n'u Burundi. Urwego rwo kugura ibicuruzwa rushobora kwaguka vuba aha kugeza ku mugabane wose wa Afurika, kubera ko Kenya yatangije Akarere k'Ubucuruzi bw'Isi (AfCFTA). ), hazashyirwaho uruhererekane ruhamye rw'ibikoresho fatizo.

2. Ubwikorezi bworoshye. Kenya ifite ibyambu bibiri n'ibigo byinshi by'ubwikorezi, cyane cyane ishami rinini ry'ubwikorezi.

3. Abakozi benshi. Muri iki gihe, Kenya ifite abakozi miliyoni 20, kandi ikiguzi cy’abakozi kingana n’amadolari y’Amerika 150 gusa ku kwezi. Barize neza kandi bafite amahame mbwirizamuco akomeye mu mwuga wabo.

4. Inyungu ku misoro. Uretse kuba ahantu ho gutunganyiriza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga hakoreshwa cyane, inganda z'imyenda, nk'inganda z'ingenzi, ni zo zonyine zishobora kugira igiciro cyihariye cy'amashanyarazi kingana na 0.05$ kuri kilowati y'isaha.

5. Akamaro k'isoko. Kenya yarangije ibiganiro ku bijyanye no kubona isoko ryihariye. Kuva muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba kugeza muri Angola, kugeza ku mugabane wose wa Afurika, kugeza ku Muryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi, hari amahirwe menshi yo ku isoko.

Sri Lanka: Igipimo cy'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga muri ako karere kigera kuri miliyari 50 z'amadolari ya Amerika

Sukumaran, Perezida w’Ihuriro ry’Ishyirahamwe ry’Imyenda ry’Ubumwe muri Sri Lanka, yatangije ibidukikije by’ishoramari muri Sri Lanka. Kuri ubu, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’imyenda n’imyenda bigira 47% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byose muri Sri Lanka. Guverinoma ya Sri Lanka iha agaciro gakomeye inganda z’imyenda n’imyenda. Nk’inganda zonyine zishobora kumanuka mu cyaro, inganda z’imyenda zishobora kuzana imirimo myinshi n’amahirwe yo kubona akazi mu gace kayo. Impande zose zibanze cyane ku nganda z’imyenda muri Sri Lanka. Kuri ubu, imyenda myinshi ikenewe n’inganda z’imyenda muri Sri Lanka itumizwa mu Bushinwa, kandi amasosiyete y’imyenda yo mu gace ashobora guhaza hafi 20% by’ibyo inganda zikeneye, kandi muri ayo masosiyete, amasosiyete manini ni amasosiyete ahuriweho yashinzwe n’amasosiyete y’Abashinwa n’amasosiyete yo muri Sri Lanka.

Nk’uko Sukumaran abivuga, iyo ushora imari muri Sri Lanka, inyungu nyamukuru z’ibigo by’imyenda zirimo:

1. Ahantu hazwi ni heza cyane. Gushora imari mu myenda muri Sri Lanka bingana no gushora imari muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo. Ingano y'imyenda yoherezwa mu mahanga muri aka karere ishobora kugera kuri miliyari 50 z'amadolari y'Amerika, harimo iyoherezwa mu mahanga muri Bangladesh, Ubuhinde, Sri Lanka na Pakisitani. Guverinoma ya Sri Lanka yashyizeho ingamba nyinshi zihariye kandi yashyizeho pariki y'imyenda. Pariki izatanga ibikorwa remezo byose uretse inyubako n'ibikoresho bya mekanike, harimo no gutunganya amazi, gusohora amazi, nibindi, nta kwanduza ibidukikije n'ibindi bibazo.

2. Inkunga ku misoro. Muri Sri Lanka, iyo abakozi b'abanyamahanga bahawe akazi, nta mpamvu yo kwishyura umusoro ku nyungu zabo bwite. Amasosiyete mashya ashobora kugira igihe cyo kudasonerwa umusoro ku nyungu kugeza ku myaka 10.

3. Inganda z'imyenda zirakwirakwira ku buryo bungana. Inganda z'imyenda muri Sri Lanka zirakwirakwira ku buryo bungana. Hagati ya 55% na 60% by'imyenda ni imyenda iboshye, mu gihe indi ari imyenda iboshye, ikwirakwira ku buryo bungana. Ibindi bikoresho n'imitako ahanini bitumizwa mu Bushinwa, kandi hari amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere muri uru rwego.

4. Ibidukikije ni byiza. Sukumaran yizera ko gushora imari muri Sri Lanka bitaterwa gusa n’ibidukikije byo muri Sri Lanka, ahubwo biterwa n’akarere kose kayikikije, kuko indege iva muri Sri Lanka ijya muri Bangladesh na Pakisitani imara icyumweru kimwe gusa, kandi indege ijya mu Buhinde imara iminsi itatu gusa. Imyenda yose yoherezwa mu mahanga muri icyo gihugu ishobora kugera kuri miliyari 50 z’amadolari y’Amerika, ibi bikaba bifite amahirwe menshi.

5. Politiki y'ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu. Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu zituma ibyambu byinshi by'Abashinwa biza hano. Sri Lanka ni igihugu gifite ibicuruzwa byinjizwa mu mahanga n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ku buntu, kandi amasosiyete ashobora no gukora "ubucuruzi bw'ahantu hanini" hano, bivuze ko abashoramari bashobora kuzana imyenda hano, bakayibika hano, hanyuma bakayohereza mu kindi gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose. Ubushinwa burimo gutera inkunga Sri Lanka kugira ngo yubake umujyi w'icyambu. Ishoramari rikorwa hano ntirizazanira Sri Lanka gusa inyungu, ahubwo rizazanira n'ibindi bihugu inyungu kandi rigere ku nyungu rusange.