Kugeza ubu, ubufatanye mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi bwa “Umukandara n’umuhanda” buratera imbere kurwanya icyerekezo kandi bugaragaza imbaraga n’ubuzima bukomeye.Ku ya 15 Ukwakira, i Huzhou, muri Zhejiang, ihuriro ry’imyenda y’imyenda yo mu Bushinwa 2021 “Umukandara n’umuhanda”.Muri kiriya gihe, abayobozi bo mu mashami ya leta ya Kenya na Sri Lanka n’amashyirahamwe y’ubucuruzi bahujwe no gusangira amahirwe yo gucuruza kuri interineti n’ubufatanye bw’ishoramari mu nganda z’imyenda yaho.

Kenya: Dutegereje ishoramari mu nganda zose z’imyenda

Bitewe n’amategeko agenga iterambere ry’Afurika n’amahirwe, Kenya ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byujuje ibisabwa byo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara birashobora kwishimira kwota kandi nta musoro ku isoko ry’Amerika.Kenya n’igihugu kinini cyohereza ibicuruzwa muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara kohereza ibicuruzwa ku isoko ry’Amerika.Ubushinwa, kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze buri mwaka ni miliyoni 500 z'amadolari y'Amerika.Nyamara, iterambere ry’inganda z’imyenda n’imyenda ya Kenya riracyari riringaniye.Abashoramari benshi bibanze murwego rwimyenda, bivamo 90% yimyenda yo murugo nibindi bikoresho bishingiye kubitumizwa hanze.

Muri iyo nama, Dr. Moses Ikira, Umuyobozi w’ikigo gishinzwe ishoramari muri Kenya, yavuze ko iyo ushora imari muri Kenya, inyungu nyamukuru z’amasosiyete y’imyenda ari:

1. Urukurikirane rw'iminyururu y'agaciro irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ubone ibikoresho bibisi bihagije.Ipamba irashobora gukorerwa muri Kenya, kandi umubare munini wibikoresho fatizo urashobora kugurwa mubihugu byo mukarere nka Uganda, Tanzaniya, u Rwanda nu Burundi.Umubare w'amasoko urashobora kwagurwa bidatinze ku mugabane wa Afurika wose, kubera ko Kenya yatangije akarere k'ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi ku mugabane wa Afurika (AfCFTA).), hazashyirwaho urwego ruhamye rwo gutanga ibikoresho bibisi.

2. Ubwikorezi bworoshye.Kenya ifite ibyambu bibiri hamwe n’ibigo byinshi bitwara abantu, cyane cyane ishami rinini rishinzwe gutwara abantu.

3. Imbaraga nyinshi.Muri iki gihe Kenya ifite abakozi miliyoni 20, kandi impuzandengo y'abakozi ni amadorari y'Abanyamerika 150 ku kwezi.Barize neza kandi bafite imyitwarire ikomeye yumwuga.

4. Ibyiza by'imisoro.Usibye kwishimira ingamba zifatika zo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, inganda z’imyenda, nkinganda zingenzi, nizo zonyine zishobora kwishimira igiciro cy’amashanyarazi kidasanzwe cy’amadolari ya Amerika $ 0.05 kuri kilowatt-saha.

5. Inyungu ku isoko.Kenya yarangije imishyikirano ku buryo bworoshye bwo kubona isoko.Kuva muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba kugera muri Angola, ku mugabane wa Afurika wose, mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, hari isoko ryinshi.

Sri Lanka: Igicuruzwa cyoherezwa mu karere kigera kuri miliyari 50 z'amadolari y'Amerika

Sukumaran, Umuyobozi w’ihuriro ry’ishyirahamwe ry’imyenda ryunze ubumwe rya Sri Lanka, yerekanye uburyo ishoramari muri Sri Lanka.Kugeza ubu, imyenda n'imyenda byoherezwa mu mahanga bingana na 47% by'ibyoherezwa muri Sri Lanka.Guverinoma ya Sri Lanka iha agaciro kanini inganda n’imyenda.Nka nganda yonyine ishobora kurohama mucyaro, inganda zimyenda zirashobora kuzana imirimo myinshi nakazi keza mukarere.Amashyaka yose yitaye cyane ku nganda z’imyenda muri Sri Lanka.Kugeza ubu, imyenda myinshi ikenerwa n’inganda z’imyenda ya Sri Lanka itumizwa mu Bushinwa, kandi amasosiyete y’imyenda yo mu karere ashobora guhaza gusa 20% by’inganda zikenewe mu nganda, kandi muri ayo masosiyete, manini ni imishinga ihuriweho n’amasosiyete y’Abashinwa kandi Amasosiyete yo muri Sri Lankan.

Ku bwa Sukumaran, iyo ashora imari muri Sri Lanka, inyungu nyamukuru z’amasosiyete akora imyenda harimo:

1. Imiterere ya geografiya irarenze.Gushora imari muri Sri Lanka bihwanye no gushora imari muri Aziya yepfo.Ingano y’imyenda yoherezwa muri kano karere irashobora kugera kuri miliyari 50 z’amadolari y’Amerika, harimo ibyoherezwa muri Bangladesh, Ubuhinde, Sri Lanka na Pakisitani.Guverinoma ya Sri Lankan yashyizeho ingamba nyinshi zifatika kandi ishyiraho parike yimyenda.Parike izatanga ibikorwa remezo byose usibye inyubako nibikoresho bya mashini, harimo gutunganya amazi, gusohora amazi, nibindi, nta kwangiza ibidukikije nibindi bibazo.

2. Gutanga imisoro.Muri Sri Lanka, niba abakozi b'abanyamahanga bahawe akazi, nta mpamvu yo kuriha umusoro ku nyungu zabo bwite.Ibigo bishya birashobora kwishimira kugeza kumyaka 10 yigihe cyo gusonerwa imisoro.

3. Inganda zidoda ziragabanijwe neza.Inganda z’imyenda muri Sri Lanka ziratangwa cyane.Hafi ya 55% kugeza 60% by'imyenda ni imyenda yo kuboha, mugihe izindi ari imyenda iboshywe, ikwirakwizwa cyane.Ibindi bikoresho n'imitako bitumizwa mu Bushinwa, kandi hari n'amahirwe menshi yiterambere muri kano karere.

4. Ibidukikije bidukikije ni byiza.Sukumaran yizera ko niba gushora imari muri Sri Lanka bidashingiye gusa ku bidukikije muri Sri Lanka, ahubwo no ku karere kose gakikije, kubera ko indege iva muri Sri Lanka yerekeza muri Bangladesh na Pakisitani ari icyumweru kimwe gusa, naho indege ijya mu Buhinde ni bitatu gusa iminsi.Igihugu cyose cyohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga gishobora kugera kuri miliyari 50 z'amadolari y'Amerika, gikubiyemo amahirwe menshi.

5. Politiki yubucuruzi bwubuntu.Iyi nayo ni imwe mu mpamvu zituma ibyambu byinshi by'Ubushinwa biza hano.Sri Lanka ni igihugu gifite ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi amasosiyete ashobora no gukora “hub hub” hano, bivuze ko abashoramari bashobora kuzana imyenda hano, bakayibika hano, hanyuma bakabohereza mu kindi gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose.Ubushinwa butera inkunga Sri Lanka kubaka umujyi wicyambu.Ishoramari ryakozwe hano ntabwo rizazana inyungu muri Sri Lanka gusa, ahubwo rizazana inyungu no mubindi bihugu kandi bigere ku nyungu.